The Role of Topographic Surveys in Industrial Project Planning

servicio de levantamiento topografico para proyectos de infraestructura industrial

In industrial construction projects, an accurate topographic survey is essential to mitigate risks such as errors in infrastructure placement, improper land use, and cost overruns during the construction phase. Without an adequate topographic survey, plants, warehouses, and factories may face structural issues, interference with underground services, or non-compliance with regulations that could delay the project and increase costs.

Benefits of Topographic Surveys in Industrial Projects

  • Future expansion planning:
    The survey facilitates planning for future expansions, maximizing the use of available land.
  • Precise calculation of earthworks:
    It allows accurate estimation of the volume of earth to be removed or filled, optimizing resources.
  • Identification of slopes:
    Ensures that the terrain is suitable for the construction of heavy structures, avoiding stability issues.
  • Detection of underground interferences:
    Prevents damage to pipes, cables, and other underground services, minimizing risks during construction.
  • Compliance with local regulations:
    Ensures that the location of structures complies with municipal and environmental regulations.

Our Work at Acero Estudio

At Acero Estudio, we conduct detailed topographic surveys using advanced technology such as drone photogrammetry and LIDAR surveys. A typical survey begins with an inspection of the area and the planning of the equipment to be used. Our experts then collect the necessary topographic data, including elevations and relevant points, to generate precise plans. The process concludes with the delivery of a technical report and recommendations for optimizing the land according to the project’s needs.

If you are planning an industrial project and seek precision and expertise, Acero Estudio is the specialized company providing topographic services to help ensure the success of your project. Contact us for more information!

What is a Total Station in Surveying?

la estacion total en topografia

One of the most traditionally used tools in surveying companies is the total station. This device, an advanced version of the classic theodolite, allows for the measurement of distances and inclination angles in an area where a topographic survey will be conducted.

The total station includes a computer that records the analyzed points, which are then processed and integrated into a more complete topographic map where the study’s conclusions are developed. Additionally, this important tool can be integrated with GPS devices to achieve greater accuracy in the information obtained.

What Surveys Can Be Conducted with a Total Station?

With the total station, you can perform:

  • Angle measurements
  • Distance measurements
  • Determination of points and coordinates

It is also a useful tool for the development of:

  • Topographic surveys
  • Cadastral surveys
  • Tunnel topographic studies
  • Surveying for hydraulic projects

While it is true that UAVs have introduced various alternatives for topographic surveys in recent years, the use of the total station remains highly important, making it one of the most essential tools in surveying.

If you would like to learn more about our surveying services, please contact us. Acero Estudio has 25 years of experience in surveying in Europe and Latin America; we are at your service.

Is a Topographic Survey Necessary for Building Construction?

levantamiento topografico para construcción de edificios

The answer to this question is YES.

A topographic survey is an essential study for the construction of any building, regardless of its size or location. This study provides architects and engineers with an accurate and detailed view of the area. Through a topographic survey, it is possible to plan actions related to the project, such as earthworks and foundation design. Additionally, a topographic survey can influence the design and construction of the structure. Even in areas that appear flat at first glance, a topographic survey is crucial to ensure that the building’s foundations are correctly placed, preventing future structural issues.

Why Should I Conduct a Topographic Survey in an Apparently Flat Area?

A terrain that seems flat to the naked eye may conceal various irregularities, such as slopes, changes in soil type, or even the presence of underground water bodies. A professional topographic survey helps identify these and other factors, ensuring that the building’s design adapts perfectly to the natural characteristics of the land. Moreover, it ensures proper drainage and soil stability, minimizing the risks of settlements or landslides that could compromise the building’s integrity.

Risks of Constructing a Building Without a Topographic Survey

Building without an adequate topographic survey can lead to a series of serious problems, including:

  • Unevenly settled foundations
  • Inadequate drainage leading to soil erosion issues
  • Errors in the alignment of the building
  • Additional costs due to unforeseen construction errors
  • Environmental impact

What Type of Topography is Recommended for Building Construction?

For the construction of a building, several types of topographic studies are recommended, such as:

  • Topographic survey with planimetry and altimetry
  • Geodetic survey
  • Survey with LIDAR or photogrammetry
  • Soil study

In summary, a topographic survey is a 100% necessary study for any type of construction. It is also advisable to conduct progressive topographic surveys as the construction progresses to avoid errors.

If you need to contact a topography company, we invite you to reach out to Acero Estudio. We have 25 years of specialization in topographic services and surveys in Peru and Spain. We use cutting-edge technology and techniques, including our topography services with drones and drone photogrammetry.

Contact us today – we’re here to help!

Uses and Characteristics of the Total Station in Surveying

estacion total en la topografía

The total station is an essential tool in surveying due to its versatility and ease in measuring distances and angles. This tool combines the functions of a theodolite and a distance meter, allowing for the precise measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. Below are the main features and uses of this important tool:

Main Functions

Angle Measurement: The total station is capable of measuring horizontal and vertical angles with high precision, essential for the exact delineation of points on the Earth’s surface.

Distance Measurement: Equipped with laser technology, this device can measure distances with an accuracy of up to 1 mm, facilitating the acquisition of exact data.

Coordinate Calculation: Using trigonometry and triangulation, the total station determines the coordinates of specific points, providing values for (x), (y), and (z) (altitude).

Data Storage: This instrument includes internal memory or an electronic notebook to store and process the collected data, improving efficiency and accuracy in fieldwork.

Applications

  • Construction: Fundamental for the planning and execution of construction projects, ensuring that structures are correctly positioned according to designed plans.
  • Cartography: Used in creating detailed maps, providing precise information about the terrain’s topography.
  • Civil Engineering: Essential for the design and construction of infrastructure, ensuring that projects are carried out with precision and according to technical requirements.
  • Topographic Surveys: Crucial for determining the shape and characteristics of the terrain, facilitating informed decision-making in development projects.

Comparison with Other Instruments

Total Station

  • Functions: Combines a theodolite and an electronic distance meter, allowing simultaneous measurement of angles and distances.
  • Uses: Ideal for detailed topographic surveys, construction, and engineering projects.
  • Advantages: High precision, electronic data storage, and the ability to calculate coordinates directly.
  • Disadvantages: More expensive and requires specific training.

Theodolite

  • Functions: Measures horizontal and vertical angles but not distances.
  • Uses: Used in surveying to measure angles in complex terrains.
  • Advantages: Precise in angle measurement, more economical than the total station.
  • Disadvantages: Does not measure distances electronically, which may require additional tools.

Electronic Level

  • Functions: Measures height differences between points using a laser beam or an optical level.
  • Uses: Common in construction for leveling land and structures.
  • Advantages: Easy to use, fast, and precise in height measurement.
  • Disadvantages: Does not measure angles or horizontal distances.

Summary of Differences

  • Total Station: Measures angles and distances electronically, ideal for complex projects.
  • Theodolite: Measures only angles, suitable for tasks that do not require distance measurement.
  • Electronic Level: Measures heights, perfect for leveling in construction.

As noted in this brief compendium of information, the total station stands out as an integral tool in modern surveying, offering precision and efficiency in measuring angles and distances. Its angle measurement, distance measurement, and data storage capabilities also make it useful in construction projects, cartography, civil engineering, and topographic surveys.

Contact us, at Acero Estudio we are specialists in topography surveys and services for the construction and architecture industry.

Planning in a Topographic Survey

estudio topografico para construcción de malecon turistico frente a laguna

Planning is always necessary for any project, but for a topographic survey project, it is essential. The lack of personnel or components can cause a workday to be cut short or incomplete without proper preparation of the staff and equipment.

Here are important tips we implement at Acero Estudio to develop successful topographic studies:

  1. Determining the Area and Objectives of the Survey: It is crucial to clearly define the study area and the specific objectives of the survey. This allows for efficient focusing of efforts and resources and ensures an in-depth understanding of the needs of each project.
  2. Determining the Equipment to Use: Selecting the right equipment is crucial. Common equipment includes total stations, electronic levels, GPS navigators, and drones. The selection of technology depends on the terrain’s characteristics and the project’s objectives.
  3. Planning the Personnel for the Job: It is necessary to assign the appropriate personnel, including the number of surveyors, prism operators, and assistants. Proper planning of the human team ensures that the survey is carried out efficiently and safely.
  4. Collecting Topographic Information: This step involves collecting accurate and detailed data about the terrain. It is one of the most tedious parts, especially when conducting a traditional topographic survey. The quality of the collected information is vital for the project’s success.
  5. Data Processing and Office Work: Once the data is obtained and tabulated in a system, it needs to be processed and analyzed using software. This includes error correction and the generation of detailed reports.
  6. Creating Topographic Information in CAD or BIM Compatible Format: Finally, it is essential to convert the topographic information into formats compatible with computer-aided design (CAD) software or Building Information Modeling (BIM). This facilitates its use by engineers and architects in the subsequent phases of the project.

It is also important to note that surveyors, based on their experience, will provide additional information regarding the project, such as soil types, loose materials on slopes, and other information that adds value and preventive information to the project. Therefore, it is important to hire a specialized company in topographic services, such as Acero Estudio, to ensure the quality and accuracy of the work.

Errors in topography, what they are and what we do to avoid them

como evitamos errores en topografia

In topography, as in any other human activity, failures and errors can arise due to human factors, environmental conditions, system failures, or previously gathered information that was not corroborated.

At Acero Estudio, a company specialized in topographic services, we are fully aware that errors will always occur, but we have tools to detect and correct them promptly, especially since many large-scale works and projects depend on our topographic surveys.

In this regard, we have identified the following types of errors:

  1. Human Errors: These can occur due to poor environmental conditions that affect perception or factors that can temporarily affect the person (such as illness, headaches, or others).To avoid this type of error, we have a data verification protocol where, through a random sample of points, we can determine the accuracy of the study. If the pattern remains within the expected parameters with a minimal level of error, the information is validated; otherwise, the data collection may need to be redone.
  2. System Errors: Sometimes, a system failure, misconfiguration, or loss of proper calibration can lead to incorrect data collection. This is very dangerous but also detectable through protocols where different measurement methods are used, which should result in similar outcomes, allowing us to quickly identify any discrepancies.
  3. Unpredictable Errors: These types of errors are difficult to detect and infrequent. However, with data verification protocols, it is possible to find them quickly.

Remember, if you need to hire a company specialized in topographic studies, topographic surveys, or drone topography, you only need to contact us. We are here to help you consolidate the best information for your construction or architectural project.

Meet Our Team of Topography Specialists

As you already know, Acero Estudio is a company specialized in topography services and topographic surveys. However, despite frequently sharing information about our knowledge and daily activities, we rarely publish photos of our equipment in action.

In this brief article, we share some photos of our staff performing topographic work in urban and rural areas, mining zones, among others. Always remember that the value of our service is significantly based on our team of specialists who are always at your service.

levantamiento topografico en mineria
Topographic survey in a mining zone

asistencia tecnica en construccion de tunel
Technical topographic assistance for tunnel construction

levantamiento topografico en refineria en peru
Topographic survey for industrial area expansion

topography-for-hydraulic-projects
Topographic survey for hydraulic projects

topografia para evitar inundaciones
Topographic studies for flood prevention due to the El Niño phenomenon

Now that you know more about our work, don’t hesitate to contact us; we are at your service.

What is the Polygonal Method in Topography?

que es la topografia poligonal

Polygonal topography is a surveying method based on creating a model composed of interconnected points that form polygonal shapes. These vertices, which connect to each other, give rise to the term “polygonal,” derived from their geometric forms.

Topography has been used since ancient times to determine the characteristics of terrains. However, its use has been consolidated today thanks to various advancements in topographic measuring instruments, such as GPS technology, which provides great accuracy in representing properties.

Applications of the Polygonal Method

Discover the four main uses of this topographic method:

  • Topographic Surveys: The polygonal method helps us obtain precise data of the terrain, which are necessary for the planning and execution of construction projects.
  • Property Delimitation: Establishing boundaries is important for property cadastre, and the polygonal method helps us demarcate these boundaries, ensuring accurate maps and legal documents.
  • Construction Projects: During the construction process, the polygonal method can be used to verify that the work is being developed according to plans and specifications.
  • Geodesy: In map creation, polygonal topography is essential for good resource management and infrastructure development.

Benefits of the Polygonal Method

The polygonal method offers numerous benefits like:

  • High Precision
  • Versatility
  • Efficiency
  • Reliability

Now that you know a bit more about the polygonal technique, we invite you to contact us. We are Acero Estudio, a consulting firm specializing in topography services and drone topography. We offer a wide range of solutions for the construction, architecture, infrastructure, and mining industries.

Contact us and benefit from working with experience, professionalism, and the guarantee of precise work. Our 25 years of experience and projects in Europe and Latin America back us up.

Our Drone Services

servicios con drones

Drones have become essential tools in the construction and architecture sectors. Their ability to perform complex tasks while avoiding human risks, combined with the use of increasingly advanced cameras and sensors, makes this technology highly useful for data collection and project monitoring.

Acero Estudio, aware of the potential of this expanding technology, made an aggressive approach a decade ago and began training in the use of drones and sensors. This has enabled us to offer our clients maximum value from drone services in Europe and Latin America.

In this regard, we have successfully provided high-value-added services in key areas such as:

Topographic Surveys with Drones

This involves using the drone’s cameras and sensors to capture high-resolution aerial images of a specific terrain. These images are then processed to generate precise maps and 3D models. This method is faster, less expensive, and more accurate than traditional surveying methods.

Photogrammetry with Drones

This process involves photographing large areas of land to create detailed maps and 3D models of these zones. The images are overlapped and processed using specialized software to extract precise geospatial information. It is a very useful service for construction projects and urban planning.

LiDAR Services

This technology uses lasers to achieve a precise topographic model, even in areas with dense vegetation. The data obtained with LiDAR allows for the creation of detailed topographic maps, which are necessary for many types of projects, such as hydraulic engineering in forested areas.

Construction Monitoring with Drones

We monitor the progress of your projects objectively and in real-time. Drones can capture images and videos at regular intervals, providing project managers with a detailed view of progress. This helps identify potential problems and ensures that the project stays on schedule.

Now that you know more about our drone services, do not hesitate to contact us. We are Acero Estudio, a company specialized in services for the construction, engineering, architecture, infrastructure, and mining sectors in Spain and Peru.

Benefits and Qualities of Triangulation in Surveying

triangulacion topografica

Triangulation is a traditional surveying technique that allows us to measure distances and angles on the Earth’s surface. However, it has been gradually replaced by more modern surveying techniques that utilize GNSS technology, drone surveying, etc.

Although the use of traditional surveying has decreased, it is still necessary in some cases where satellite technology is absent or where population density requires it. Here are some key points on the importance of topographic triangulation:

Provides Accuracy in Measurement

This technique allows us to measure distances from the projected vertices of triangles and calculates the sides using trigonometric formulas. This type of measurement is ideal for large areas in construction projects, agriculture, or urban planning that require precise data.

Allows for Defining Control Points

Through triangulation, it is possible to define geodetic control points that will be useful for future measurements. These points are also highly useful as references for integration with previous work in a unified system.

Covers Large Areas

As mentioned, there are more modern techniques for developing large areas than triangulation (check our surveying services); however, in cases where technology is lacking, triangulation is particularly useful for studying large tracts of land.

Serves as a Basis for Navigation Systems

The technique of triangulation has been fundamental in the development of both terrestrial and maritime navigation systems. Even today, in the GPS era, triangulation continues to be used for the calibration and verification of these systems.

Applications in Geodesy and New Technologies

Geometric triangulation measurements can be integrated into geodetic systems, making them ideal for cartography and the development of scientific knowledge related to plate tectonics and geophysics.

Additionally, remember that triangulation adapts well to integration with new technologies such as GPS, drones, and geographic information systems, further improving the precision and efficiency of topographic surveys.

Learn more about these types of services on our website, Acero Estudio, and remember that we are specialists in surveying and consulting services for the architecture and construction sector.